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MEPC 72: IMO Secretary-General makes closing remarks

Kitack Lim announces achievements, tribute, and several retirements after conclusion of MEPC 72.

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The following is a statement by Kitack Lim, Secretary-General at International Maritime Organization to sum up the Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC), 72nd session, 9-13 April 2018:

Mr. Chair, distinguished delegates and observers,

This was another exceptionally busy as well as momentous session of the Committee and your hard work, in particular the decisions made over these past five days, should, therefore, be recognized with immense appreciation.

After two years’ hard work, including two sessional and three intersessional meetings of the working group on reduction of GHG emissions from ships, the Initial IMO Strategy on reduction of GHG emissions from ships was adopted in line with the timeline stipulated in the Roadmap for developing a comprehensive IMO strategy on reduction of GHG emissions from ships. As it was expected, this process proved to be a challenging task.

The adoption of the Initial IMO Strategy is another successful illustration of the renowned IMO spirit of cooperation and will allow future IMO work on Climate change to be rooted in a solid basis.

This important achievement enables the Organization to continue to present itself to the outside world as the competent and uniquely qualified body to be entrusted with the maters on reduction of GHG emissions from international shipping.

I would like to take this opportunity to express my deepest appreciation to all Member States, in particular, Developing Countries, LDC and SIDS for their devotion, passion and patience throughout the whole process. My thanks also goes to IGOs, NGOs and industries for their constructive contribution.

Special thanks and congratulations are due to Mr. Sveinung Oftedal of Norway for the immense work undertaken since last year as chair of the working group on reduction of GHG emissions from ships.

Once again, I encourage you to continue your work through newly adopted Initial GHG Strategy which is designed as a platform for future actions. I am confident in relying on your ability to relentlessly continue your efforts and develop further actions that will soon contribute to reducing GHG emissions from ships.

That spirit of unity and consensus that you managed to achieve in this room has particular meaning this week, as the world is about to celebrate the Earth Day next week on 22nd April. The achievements of your Committee also resonate well with the spirit of cooperation that IMO enjoyed over its 70 years of history – something we will be celebrating throughout this year.

Distinguished delegates

I also wish to highlight the Committee’s other important achievements on:

  • the adoption of amendments to the BWM Convention which, inter alia, completes the legal process for the Committee’s previous agreement on the implementation schedule of complying with the D-2
  • standard as well as making the Code for approval of ballast water management systems mandatory;
  • the finalization of the data gathering and analysis plan for the Experience-building phase designed to promote the effective implementation of the BWM Convention;
  • the approval of draft amendments to MARPOL Annex VI on prohibition on the carriage of non-compliant fuel oil for combustion purposes for propulsion or operation on board a ship;
  • the progress made in the development of measures to reduce risks of use and carriage of heavy fuel oil as fuel by ships in Arctic waters; and
  • the approval of the new output on the Development of an action plan to address marine plastic litter from ships.

***

Distinguished delegates,

I wish to thank you all and, in particular, the Committee’s new Chair and new Vice-Chair, Mr. Hideaki Saito of Japan and Mr Harry Conway of Liberia. Each has performed splendidly and to the highest standards expected from the Organization.

To you, Hideaki, thank you for your leadership. Thank you for your energy. Thank you for your unmistakable calming voice which I am sure has contributed to a smooth running of this Committee. But most of all thank you for helping to steer the Committee to some solid achievements during this session, which indeed was your first session as Chair of this important Committee.

To you, Harry, I also wish to express my sincere thanks for your valuable input.

My thanks also go to the Chairs of the various groups that supported the work at this session: Mr. Wiley of Canada, Mr. Yoshida of Japan, Mr. Steinbock of Germany and Mr. Oftedal of Norway; and, of course, to the coordinators of the various correspondence groups that have reported to this session.

Distinguished delegates,

I wish to pay a special tribute to all the staff of the Marine Environment Division for their tremendous input in the preparation of this session and throughout this week under the leadership of Mr. Stefan Micallef. As are the commitment and collaboration of all the staff of the Conference Division, under the leadership of Mr. Hiroyuki Yamada, and including, in particular, colleagues in the Documents and Conference Sections and the devoted translators. I also wish to say a special thank you to the interpreters, whose skills in facilitating our communication never cease to amaze us.

Distinguished delegates,

This is also an opportune moment to thank those delegates who are leaving us for their contributions to the work of the Committee and of the Organization and to wish them all the best for the future.

This session is the last MEPC for Peter Hinchliffe, the Secretary-General of ICS. Peter has been one of the strongest proponent of IMO’s role as the global regulatory body for shipping. Of course, on occasion he has criticized some of our collective outputs but Peter’s inputs have always been constructive and honest. Peter has been a champion of shipping ever since he joined ICS in 2001 and he is leaving behind some big shoes to fill. Happy retirement Peter and thank you for all the support for the work of the Organization.

I wish to thank Mr. Chris Wiley of Canada who is stepping down from the chair of the Ballast Water Review and Working Groups after this session. Having chaired these groups at PPR and MEPC, as well as III, for 10 years, Chris has played an instrumental role in supporting the Organization’s efforts in the implementation of the Ballast Water Management Convention. His ability to steer these usually very heavily loaded groups in the most effective way contributed hugely to the impressive outcomes achieved over numerous sessions while dealing with many complex topics often under very tight timing constraints. We are grateful that Chris held this role until the Convention came into force. I wish him well in future endeavours.

I also extend my thanks to Ari Gudmundsson of the FAO who will be retiring in the summer. Ari has actively participated in the work of IMO, initially on behalf of Iceland and since 2004 representing FAO. Ari served as Vice-Chair of the SLF Sub-Committee from 2002 to 2004 and he has contributed immensely to the joint work of FAO and IMO relating to the Global Record, fishing vessel safety, MARPOL Annex V and IUU fishing. I wish Ari all the best for the future.

Distinguished delegates,

I would, in particular, like to say a few words about Mr. Stefan Micallef, Director of the Marine Environment Division – as this will be his last MEPC in his official capacity as Secretary to this Committee.

Stefan – you have done a more than truly magnificent job in serving IMO and the United Nations family in general. It never ceases to amaze me and I am sure everyone in the Secretariat and this house to observe you at work – undeterred by complex technical issues or by diverging views and opinions, doing whatever it takes to support the vision of IMO, achieving all this with a passion, commitment and good humour. Your long UN experience, highest level of diplomatic skills and profound technical and scientific knowledge on issues related to marine environment, laid a firm foundation for your ability to handle issues that require a real sense of duty, responsibility and leadership.

Stefan – it has been suggested that perhaps we should apologize to your family and friends because IMO hijacked so much of your time; evenings, weekends and vacations. But there are others who say that you have yourself to blame for your devotion to the United Nations family, which, after all, you joined entirely voluntarily 28 years ago.

According to a reliable source, your life changed for good when you decided to leave your beloved Malta to take up your doctoral studies in marine toxicology from the University of Wales in UK. You then started your career with the UN in 1990 as Programme officer at the Regional Marine Pollution Emergency Response Centre for the Mediterranean Sea (REMPEC) based in Malta prior to moving to UNEP’s Division of Environmental Policy Implementation in Nairobi, Kenya, as Chief of the Disaster Management Branch. IMO was fortunate to have you back in 2004 when you re-joined IMO as a Senior Technical Officer within MED responsible for all matters related to the carriage of Chemical in bulk.

Delegates, may ask – what are Stefan’s main characteristics? Professionalism of the highest standard – hard working –solid technical knowledge – and above all a compassionate human being– a professional, who is a great credit to IMO – a proud and distinguished son of Malta. I must add – a great water polo and rugby player in his youth who even represented Malta at national level before taking up golf.

Stefan – since joining the Marine Environment Division in 2004, first as a Senior Technical Officer, then as Deputy Director and finally as Director and Assistant Secretary General, you have played a pivotal role in keeping the Secretariat on course in ever-expanding and more complex fields of regulation, such as air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, alien invasive species, ship recycling. You also gave a strong leadership as Administrative Secretary of the GESAMP.

You have achieved all this with great success but, above all, you have been a most loyal and staunch supporter of everything IMO and the UN stands for. For that we owe you enormous gratitude and deep and lasting respect. You have also been a wonderful friend, and for that I wish to thank you personally.

I am aware that, in the past, you had written books on environment for children and perhaps you would brush up your writing skills to contribute more. Or alternatively, knowing your passion for being closer to the sea, if you also decide to open that seaside bar in Malta to serve some Maltese delicacies and wine, please don’t forget to let us know!

Ladies and gentlemen, please join me to applaud Stefan on his achievements, and in wishing him all the very best for the future.

***

Distinguished delegates,

It now remains for me to wish you all a nice weekend – and to those who have to travel home a safe journey.  

Thank you.

Photo credit: International Maritime Organization
Published: 19 April, 2018

 

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Ammonia

AM Green plans to build green ammonia plant at Indian port

Initiative also includes development of green ammonia handling, storage and bunkering infrastructure, pilot bunkering operations, safety procedures and training programmes, says VOC Port Authority.

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VO Chidambaranar (VOC) Port Authority on Friday (29 May) said it has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with India’s ammonia producer AM Green Ammonia to collaborate in the development of a green ammonia production plant.

The plant will have a capacity of one million tonnes per annum (MTPA) at Tuticorin.

The initiative also includes development of green ammonia handling, storage and bunkering infrastructure, pilot bunkering operations, safety procedures and training programmes. 

The project is expected to support the development of green fuel corridors connecting VOC Port with major ports in Europe and Asia, thereby strengthening India’s position in the global green fuels value chain.

VOC Port also signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Bureau Veritas (India) Pvt. Ltd., to collaborate on Green Port certification, emissions accounting, ESG reporting, safety validation, development of green bunkering practices, and establishment of a Centre of Excellence for green fuels and sustainability.

The port also plans for an upcoming 750 m³ green methanol bunkering facility.

 

Photo credit: Naveed Ahmed on Unsplash
Published: 3 June, 2026

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Port & Regulatory

Study: Major drop in ship sulphur emissions confirmed following IMO regulations

National Centre for Atmospheric Science study found that the average sulphur content in ship fuel dropped nearly tenfold in open ocean areas following IMO’s 2020 regulation.

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Recent global regulations have significantly reduced sulphur emissions from ships, helping to improve air quality in coastal regions – confirmed by a recent international study led by researchers at the National Centre for Atmospheric Science. 

The research, published in Environmental Science: Atmospheres, used aircraft and ground-based instruments to measure sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides emitted by ships in the North-East Atlantic and European coastal waters between 2019 and 2023.

The team found that the average sulphur content in ship fuel dropped nearly tenfold in open ocean areas following the International Maritime Organization’s 2020 regulation, which capped sulphur content in marine fuel at 0.5%. 

Before the change, many ships exceeded the previous 3.5% limit. After 2020, only a small number of ships were found to breach the new standard.

In European sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECAs), such as the English Channel and the Port of Tyne, sulphur levels were even lower – well below the stricter 0.1% limit. Interestingly, ports outside these zones, like Valencia in Spain, also showed low sulphur levels, likely due to EU rules requiring cleaner fuel when ships are docked for extended periods.

This is the first study to use aircraft-based measurements and predictions from the Ship Traffic Emission Assessment Model (STEAM3) to assess ship emissions outside of sulphur control zones since the 2020 regulation came into effect. The findings support the widely held view that ships now emit around seven times less sulphur than before the rule change – an important step toward cleaner air and healthier coastal environments.

Note: The research, titled ‘SO2 and NOx emissions from ships in North-East Atlantic waters: in situ measurements and comparison with an emission model’ can be found here. 

 

Photo credit: shraga kopstein on Unsplash
Published: 8 December, 2025

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Interview

IBIA Annual Convention 2025: ‘Exciting times’ for post IMO 2020 bunker suppliers, states Equatorial

Choong Sheen Mao, Chief Operating Officer, Equatorial, describes to Manifold Times the pre/post IMO 2020 challenges and evolution of bunker suppliers.

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The International Bunkering Industry Association (IBIA) will be hosting its flagship Annual Convention in Hong Kong at the Hong Kong Convention Exhibition & Convention Centre between 18 to 20 November 2025, as part of Hong Kong Maritime Week.

Choong Sheen Mao, Chief Operating Officer, Equatorial Marine Fuel Management Services (Equatorial), speaks to bunkering publication Manifold Times about the challenges of a post IMO 2020 bunker supplier.

MT: How does Equatorial continue to offer customer assurance and maintenance of marine fuel quality to ISO8217 standards despite increasing complexity of bunker fuel blends?

We maintain our focus to provide compliant, quality and competitively priced products to our customers. There is no shortcut. We source our products from a wide range of cargo producers and suppliers. We continue to be strict and vigilant with our testing programme for our products before delivering them to our customers. Equatorial has deepened our engagement with the wider industry to have a better and up-to-date understanding of the existing and new marine fuels.

MT: Can you share the evolution of commercial marine fuel procurement, blending and trading strategies on the back of increasing fuel types (pre/post IMO 2020)?

Pre IMO 2020, the main types of marine fuel procured and consumed by vessels were high-sulphur fuel oil, marine diesel oil and marine gas oil. Trading strategies were therefore closely linked to that within the oil industry.

However, many of the new fuel types are from other industries. For example, biofuels, methanol and ammonia are mainly products from the chemical and agriculture industries. There are marked differences between these industries and the energy industry (in particular, the marine fuels industry). LNG is from the gas industry which is distinct from the oil industry.

Without an existing liquid paper market for many of these commodities (especially as a marine fuel), the price risk management is less straightforward. Furthermore, commodity prices are no longer the sole consideration for price itself. The price of compliance must be considered. This could range from guaranteeing the origin of the marine fuel, its sulphur properties as well as its carbon intensity. The list goes on.

MT: Operational wise, what are the changing role and responsibilities of a bunker supplier to date, compared to before IMO 2020?

The role and responsibility of a bunker supplier have evolved. Fundamentally, it has been about providing quality marine fuels at competitive prices. Quantity assurance has been a critical concern which led to the mandatory implementation of the mass flow meter system for bunkering in the Port of Singapore. Interestingly, due to the nature of credit terms in the bunker industry, bunker suppliers also performed the role of “bankers” by extending favourable credit terms to shipowners and charterers.

These days, post IMO 2020, things have become even more complicated. Today, a bunker supplier retains the abovementioned roles and responsibilities, and much more – it has to ensure compliance with a plethora of rules and regulations. Compliance not only with sulphur cap requirements, but with international and regional sanctions and restrictions unrelated to the quality of the marine fuel itself. In fact, especially with alternative low- and zero-carbon marine fuels, this means compliance with standards, rules and regulations on sustainability such as the European Renewable Energy Directive and/or International Sustainability and Carbon Certification. There is also the need to comply with increasingly stringent safety regulations on both conventional and alternative marine fuels.

In addition to the above, a post IMO 2020 bunker supplier is still expected to supply compliant and quality fuel at competitive prices.

MT: Equatorial is Singapore’s largest local-born supplier; what is the next big thing for the company?

Equatorial continues to adapt and improve with the times, while maintaining its core values – Integrity, Teamwork, Commitment, Proficiency and Quality, and Safety and Environment. The bunker industry is a highly competitive one, and it is our intention to keep our competitive edge and remain relevant. This means that we have had to step out of our comfort zone and embrace the two mega trends of our time – digitalisation and decarbonisation.

We have been early adopters and developers of the electronic bunkering note as part of our own digital bunkering efforts. We have diversified our product offering to include low carbon marine fuels and are proud to be one of the pioneers for bunkering B100 biofuels earlier this year. This was made possible by the arrival of our IMO Type II chemical and oil bunker tankers. These same bunker tankers are also capable for carrying and delivering methanol. Equatorial has invested in an LNG bunkering vessel (LBV) newbuilding that is set to be delivered in Q3 2027. We are also involved in a study to develop low- or zero-carbon ammonia bunkering in Singapore.

These are exciting times.

Note: Choong Sheen Mao is amongst panellists featured in ‘Session Three: Bunker Sellers Panel’ at the IBIA Annual Convention 2025.

Join the Conversation

With over 300 delegates expected, the IBIA Annual Convention 2025 is set to be a defining moment for the marine fuels industry. Registration is now open via the IBIA Annual Convention website.

 

Photo credit: Manifold Times
Published: 31 October 2025

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