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Alternative Fuels

MPA: Singapore bunker tanker fleet expected to run on net zero fuels by 2050

Net zero fuels such as ammonia, hydrogen, or methanol to be fuels used by Singapore’s 250 larger-sized harbour craft, mainly bunker tankers, by 2050.

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Domestic harbour craft

Singapore’s bunker tankers will be expected to run on net zero fuels such as ammonia, hydrogen, or methanol by 2050, according to a recent Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) report.

The Maritime Singapore Decarbonisation Blueprint: Working Towards 2050 document introduced Wednesday (9 March) outlined the future energy mix of Singapore’s domestic harbour craft fleet.

“By 2030, MPA aims to reduce absolute emissions from the domestic harbour craft fleet by 15% from 2021 levels, through the adoption of lower carbon energy solutions such as blended biofuel, LNG, diesel-electric hybrid propulsion, and full electric propulsion,” it states in the blueprint.

“By 2050, MPA aims for the harbour craft fleet to halve 2030-level emissions by transitioning to full-electric propulsion and net zero fuels.”

MPA in collaboration with the Maritime Energy & Sustainable Development Centre of Excellence (MESD CoE), a research unit jointly funded by Singapore Maritime Institute (SMI) and Nanyang Technological University (NTU), started a study of potential energy options for Singapore’s harbour craft industry over a thirty-year horizon.

The study completed in March 2020 evaluated and ranked ten energy types, taking into consideration their existing levels of adoption as well as future potential for deployment in the local harbour craft fleet.

Biofuel Compatibility Study for Singapore Harbour Craft

Findings from the study indicated biofuels (fatty acid methyl esters and hydrotreated vegetable oil) were the most feasible interim transition fuel, while LNG could be suitable for some larger types of harbour craft.

Other future fuels and energy solutions (including fuel cells, full electric battery systems, ammonia, hydrogen, and methanol) could gain maturity and commercial viability in the long term to achieve 2050 targets.

Based on the study’s findings and taking into consideration the diverse range of harbour craft types in Singapore’s domestic fleet, the 1,350 smaller-sized harbour craft – comprising launches, lighters, passenger ferries, tugboats – are expected to transit to fuel cells or full electric battery systems by 2050.

The 250 larger-sized harbour craft – mainly bunker tankers – are expected to run on net zero fuels such as ammonia, hydrogen, or methanol by the similar year.

Dr Sanjay Kuttan, the Executive Director at Singapore Maritime Institute (SMI), earlier told Manifold Times that it is ‘a matter of time’ before Singapore’s bunker tanker and harbour craft population start considering the use of electrification technologies for propulsion.

Related: Singapore: MPA maritime decarbonisation blueprint sets target for bunkering sector
Related: NTU and SMI report helps shipping industry adopt alternative and greener marine fuels
Related: SMTC 2021: Electrification of Singapore bunker tankers and harbour craft in government pipeline, says SMI

 

Photo credit and source: Maritime Singapore Decarbonisation Blueprint: Working Towards 2050
Published: 11 March, 2022

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Methanol

China: Xiamen issues safety guidelines for methanol bunkering operations

New guidelines establish safety requirements across the full methanol bunkering process, supporting the expansion of green marine fuel supplies at Xiamen Port.

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Xiamen, China

Xiamen Free Trade Zone on Monday (10 August) said its Administrative Committee recently jointly issued the Safety Guidelines for Marine Methanol Fuel Bunkering in Xiamen Waters with Xiamen Port Authority and Xiamen Maritime Safety Administration, establishing a framework for methanol bunkering operations in the port.

The guidelines are the first safety operating standard in Fujian province specifically covering marine methanol fuel bunkering. They apply to methanol bunkering operations conducted by bunker vessels in Xiamen waters and set out safety requirements covering the entire operation, from preparation through completion.

The guidelines specify requirements for bunkering companies, equipment and materials used on bunker vessels, hose inspection intervals, personnel certification and personal protective equipment.

They also require operators to conduct dedicated risk assessments and prepare emergency response plans before operations begin. During bunkering, operators must maintain continuous monitoring and comply with specified weather restrictions. After completion, pipelines must undergo procedures including purging and inerting.

Xiamen Port has previously carried out ship-to-ship bunkering of biofuels and LNG. The new guidelines provide a regulatory framework and operational basis for methanol bunkering and are intended to support the safe and orderly conduct of such operations.

The move is also expected to help Xiamen Port expand its market and bunkering capacity for green marine fuels. 

 

Photo credit: Woo Winter on Unsplash
Published: 13 August, 2026

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Alternative Fuels

South Korea’s Polaris Shipping orders tri-fuel bulk carriers for Vale charter deal

Bulk carriers, which will be delivered sequentially from 2031, will be equipped with WinGD-developed engines capable of using methanol, ethanol and heavy fuel oil as marine fuels.

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South Korea’s Polaris Shipping orders tri-fuel bulk carriers for Vale charter deal

South Korean shipowner Polaris Shipping recently said it has signed a newbuilding contract for four tri-fuel vessels with Chinese shipbuilder Qingdao Beihai Shipbuilding Heavy Industry on 4 August.

The 210,000-dwt Newcastlemax bulk carriers, which will be delivered sequentially from 2031, will be equipped with WinGD-developed engines capable of using methanol, ethanol and heavy fuel oil as marine fuels.

The vessels are also designed as LNG- and ammonia-ready ships, allowing them to be converted to LNG or ammonia propulsion in the future.

Polaris Shipping also plans to significantly improve energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by applying various energy-saving technologies, including wind-assist propulsion systems, rotor sails, departure optimisation and land-based systems, to the vessels.

Polaris Shipping has completed a 25-year long-term charter contract for the bulk carriers with Brazilian iron ore producer Vale.

Polaris Shipping plans to sign construction contracts for up to four additional 210,000-dwt eco-friendly Newcastlemax bulk carriers with Chinese shipbuilder Hengli Heavy Industries in the near future. The Newcastlemax bulk carriers ordered from Hengli will be built as high-efficiency, environmentally friendly vessels to replace the company’s existing older bulk carriers.

 

Photo credit: Polaris Shipping
Published: 13 August, 2026

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LNG Bunkering

Axpo and Vitol debut LNG bunkering operation at Italy’s largest cruise port

“Green Pearl”, a 7,500 m³ Italian bunkering vessel operated by Axpo, safely conducted the ship-to-ship refuelling operation on Sunday morning at Civitavecchia’s berth 18.

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Axpo and Vitol debut LNG bunkering operation at Italy’s largest cruise port

Switzerland’s energy producer Axpo on Wednesday (12 August) said it has completed the first liquefied natural gas (LNG) bunkering operation with Vitol at the Port of Civitavecchia in Italy, refuelling a flagship vessel of a leading international cruise line.

The company said Italy’s premier cruise port and Europe’s second largest now joins Genoa and Naples in offering LNG bunkering services.  

“This represents an important milestone in the development of infrastructure and services for alternative maritime fuels in Italian ports,” Axpo said. 

Green Pearl, a 7,500 m³ Italian bunkering vessel operated by Axpo, safely conducted the ship-to-ship refuelling operation on Sunday morning at Civitavecchia’s berth 18. Operated by Axpo, Green Pearl was brought into service in 2026 and is dedicated to ship-to-ship and ship-to-truck bunkering operations in Italian ports.

Axpo Italia CEO Simone Demarchi, said: “This latest operation shows the ability of our supply chain to grow rapidly and meet the needs of leading international cruise lines. Over the coming years, the shipping and cruise sectors will be called upon to accelerate their decarbonisation journey. Today, LNG is one of the most substantial and readily available solutions to help support this transition.”

Vitol Head of Small Scale LNG & LNG Bunkering Stefan Dubbeldam, added: “LNG and bio-LNG have a key role to play in reducing emissions from bunkering. Vitol is globally invested throughout the value chain, from upstream bio-LNG and LNG production and offtake, through to solutions for customers through our LNG Bunker Vessel fleet.”

The extension of Axpo’s coverage to Civitavecchia, the primary seaport for Rome, follows the launch of LNG ship-to-ship bunkering at Genoa in late 2025 and Naples in May this year. 

In addition to Green Pearl, the company has also chartered Alisios LNG, a new 12,500 m³ capacity bunkering vessel for low-emission fuels, which became operational in Spain last March.

 

Photo credit: Axpo
Published: 13 August, 2026

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