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Marine fuel consultants explain Singapore’s 10.8% on year bunker sales increase in April

April bunker sales results released on Wednesday caught several players, who expected volume to fall due to lower international trade and COVID-19, by surprise.

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Manifold Times Bunkering Vessels

April’s 10.8% on year rise of bunker sales at Singapore port was a surprise to many, who expected the month’s volume at the republic to fall due to lower international trades and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Singapore bunkering publication Manifold Times took to the occasion and approached local marine fuel consultancies Azure Strategic Resources and SDE International to shed light about the development.

Dennis Ho, Director & Founder of Azure Strategic Resources, explained Singapore’s total bunker volume in April 2019 was firstly at a low of 3.7 million mt – a low base when compared to the 4.1 million mt of bunker sales at Singapore in April 2020, which is largely in line with the average monthly volume of 4 million mt within the past two years.

“Quite a fair amount of supplies was fixed on a contract basis prior to the start of IMO 2020 implementation on 1 January. It is possible that these contracts are still being fulfilled,” he adds.

“The Singapore increase in volume may also come at the expense of other smaller ports where supply of 0.5% sulphur compliant fuel may not be reliable. In fact, other major ports like Rotterdam and Zhoushan have been reporting healthy demand.

“Traders and buyers which I talked to commented their April demand was largely unchanged and in fact saw a pick up towards end April.  This is likely due to the steep correction in prices following the negative crude oil price seen on 19 April.

“The same traders and buyers commented May looking to be a slow month. A buyer expects he may only be able to fulfil the lower end of his buying commitment.”

Simon Neo, Executive Director at marine fuels consultancy SDE International, notes current market conditions have resulted in prices of bunker fuel at Singapore port being lower when compared to the similar period a year before.

The total number of vessel arrivals at Singapore port was 7,015 in April 2020 (37.6% lower on year) while container and cargo throughput both respectively fell 5% and 12.6% on year, according to Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) data.

“The drop in the number of vessel arrivals, container and cargo throughput clearly shows trade volume to be down,” said Neo.

“However, the increase in bunker volume is more due to the fact that oil prices are very low now. This generates more buying interest as nobody knows when for sure, how long this low oil price will last.

“Instead of topping up 500 or 600 mt, ship owners may now be incentivised take up to 1,000 mt or 1,500 mt.

“The other factor of what Dennis said is quite true, as a lot of ship owners have entered into pre-signed contracts before IMO 2020 due to worries about the availability and quality of VLSFO around the region.

“Singapore is the premier bunkering port which is very well regulated, and supported by a highly respected bunkering standard backed by the use of mass flowmeters for the custody transfer of marine fuel.

“This encourages more ship owners to take up products in Singapore as there is accountability involved and they will all know who to approach if anything goes wrong.”

Singapore’s bunker fuel sales volume was release by MPA on Wednesday (13 May).

A total 4.11 million metric tonnes (mt) (exact: 4,113,700 mt) of bunkers was sold at the port in April, 10.8% more than 3.71 million mt (exact: 3,712,100 mt) posted during April 2019.

Deliveries of 500 centistokes (cSt), 380 cSt and 180 cSt grades in April 2020 (against on year), were respectively 78,400 mt (-88.7% from 691,900 mt), 692,800 mt (-73.5% from 2.61 million mt), while 180 cSt product recorded no sales (-100% from 24,000 mt).

Low sulphur 500 cSt, 380 cSt and 180 cSt products respectively recorded no sales (similarly compared to zero sales in 2019), 2.15 million mt (significantly up from 16,400 mt), and 111,100 mt (+194.7% from 37,700 mt).

The latest data introduced new categories, namely low sulphur 100 cSt, and ULSFO respectively recorded 597,800 mt and 66,700 mt of sales in April.

Low sulphur marine gas oil (LS MGO) sales were posted at 372,600 mt (+89.5% from 196,600 mt) and MGO at 48,400 mt (-31.9% from 71,100 mt).

Related: Singapore: March 2020 bunker fuel sales rise 5.7% on year
Related: Singapore: February 2020 bunker sales volume up 2.5% on year
Related: Singapore: January 2020 bunker sales volume up 7.5% on year

 

Photo credit: Manifold Times
Published: 14 May, 2020

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Legal

Singapore police arrest eight over alleged illegal MGO transaction off Tuas

SPF says preliminary investigations found that crew members of a Singapore-registered tugboat misappropriated MGO worth about SGD 10,570 without their company’s knowledge and sold it illegally.

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Singapore police arrest eight over alleged illegal MGO transaction off Tuas

The Singapore Police Force (SPF) on Thursday (13 August) said it has arrested eight men, aged between 25 and 54, for their suspected involvement in an illegal transaction of Marine Gas Oil (MGO).

On 13 August 2026 at about 1.05am, officers from the Police Coast Guard (PCG) conducted a check on a Singapore-registered tugboat in the waters off Tuas and discovered that eight crew members were possibly involved in the illegal transaction of MGO. 

“Preliminary investigations revealed that the crew members of the tugboats misappropriated MGO valued at about SGD 10,570 (USD 8,258), without their company’s knowledge,” SPF said in a statement.

“The MGO was sold illegally for their personal financial gain.”

The eight crew members will be charged in court on 14 August 2026 with the offence of theft by servant of property in possession of master under Section 381 of the Penal Code 1871 If convicted, they shall be punished with an imprisonment term that may extend to seven years and shall also be liable to fine.

“The Police take a serious view of illegal transaction of MGO in Singapore Territorial Waters and will continue to conduct enforcement and security checks to prevent, deter and detect such illicit activities in Singapore waters,” SPF added. 

 

Photo credit: Singapore Police Force
Published: 14 August, 2026

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Port & Regulatory

Gard: Sulphur-related bunker claims rise amid tighter China MSA enforcement

Claims involving excessive sulphur content in marine fuels have been rising, while stricter inspections by the China MSA have heightened the focus on sulphur compliance, particularly in the Bohai Sea.

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shraga kopstein on Unsplash

Maritime protection and indemnity (P&I) club Gard on Wednesday (12 August) highlighted that claims involving excessive sulphur content in marine fuels have been rising, while stricter inspections by the China MSA have heightened the focus on sulphur compliance, particularly in the Bohai Sea:

Rise in off-spec sulphur claims

Recent claims experience indicates that bunker quality continues to pose a significant operational risk for shipowners. In our earlier review of bunker-related claims during the first five months of 2026, we highlighted a rise in off-specification bunker incidents amid increased pressure on global fuel supply chains following the escalation of the conflict in the Middle East. 

Specifically for Sulphur compliance, between January and June 2026, the number of sulphur-related cases increased by more than threefold compared with the same period in 2025. Notably, the number of cases recorded in the first six months of this year has already exceeded the total number reported during the whole of last year by approximately 40%. 

While each case is fact-specific, the increase is notable because excessive sulphur content constitutes a MARPOL compliance issue. Unlike many other bunker quality problems, sulphur non-compliance identified through port state inspections can result in vessel delays, enforcement action, and substantial costs associated with debunkering and fuel disposal. 

The map below illustrates the geographical distribution of sulphur-related claims recorded during the first six months of 2026, based on the location where the bunkers were stemmed.

Distribution of sulphur related claims

China MSA steps up sulphur compliance enforcement

According to our correspondent, Huatai, on 5 June 2026, the maritime authorities of Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoning and Shandong jointly launched a special campaign on ship pollution prevention and control in the Bohai Sea region. The campaign involves coordinated supervision by local MSA branches across the region and is expected to last nearly five months. It covers major ports and surrounding port areas in the Bohai Sea region, including Tianjin, Tangshan, Qinhuangdao, Huanghua, Jinzhou, Yingkou and Longkou. 

While the initiative is broader than bunker sulphur compliance alone, its scope includes inspections relating to air pollution prevention, SOx emissions, fuel compliance and other high-pollution-risk operations. Enforcement measures are expected to comprise onboard inspections, cross-regional enforcement activities, unannounced spot checks and remote monitoring. These efforts will be supported by a combination of UAV patrols, maritime patrol vessels, shore-based monitoring systems and rapid on-site fuel testing. 

As a result, vessels trading in the Bohai Sea region may experience increased scrutiny of fuel compliance documentation, fuel sampling records, onboard fuel management procedures, and the handling or disposal of suspected non-compliant fuel.

Documents typically requested by China MSA

Based on our recent experience, including the case discussed above, and subject to the specific requirements of the local MSA office, owners and operators may be requested to provide supporting documentation such as: 

  • Bunker documentation – Bunker Delivery Notes (BDNs), MARPOL fuel sample records, fuel test reports, and relevant fuel quality certificates. 
  • Statutory certificates – including the International Air Pollution Prevention (IAPP) Certificate and International Oil Pollution Prevention (IOPP) Certificate. 
  • Operational records – engine logbooks, deck and navigation logbooks, Oil Record Book entries, and records relating to fuel transfers, storage and consumption. 
  • Sampling documentation – the Master’s statement and any records demonstrating how fuel samples were drawn, sealed, labelled, handled and retained. 
  • Correspondence records – communications with the authorities, bunker suppliers, charterers and other relevant stakeholders. 
  • Fuel disposal records – approved disposal plans, debunkering documentation, receipts and evidence of final disposal, where applicable. 

The exact documentation required will depend on the nature of the investigation, the findings of the inspection, and the requirements of the local enforcement authority. 

Possible regulatory consequences in China

Under the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People’s Republic of China, ocean-going vessels are required to use fuel oil meeting atmospheric pollutant control requirements after berthing. Vessels operating within designated emission control areas must also comply with applicable emission standards. Article 106 provides that where vessel fuel oil fails to meet applicable standards or requirements, the competent maritime authorities may impose fines ranging from RMB 10,000 to RMB 100,000. Liability may extend to shipowners, ship operators and ship managers depending upon the circumstances of the case. 

Recommendation

Sulphur compliance should be treated as both a fuel quality and regulatory risk. Owners and operators are encouraged to take preventive steps before bunkering, act promptly if non-compliant fuel is suspected, and preserve evidence carefully if an inspection or claim arises. Under amended 

Resolution A.1206(34), Appendix 18, 2.1.5, if the BDN shows compliant fuel, but the master has independent test results of the fuel oil sample taken by the ship during the bunkering which indicates non-compliance, the master may document this by notifying the ship’s flag Administration, with copies to: 

  • the competent authority of the relevant port of destination, 
  • the Administration under whose jurisdiction the bunker deliverer is located, 
  • and to the bunker deliverer.

 

Photo credit: shraga kopstein on Unsplash / Gard
Published: 14 August, 2026

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LNG Bunkering

Shell expands LNG bunkering footprint in Spain with Valencia

As one of the region’s key maritime hubs, the company said Valencia expands the options available to shipowners seeking LNG supply along major shipping routes.

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Shell expands LNG bunkering footprint in Spain with Valencia

British oil giant Shell on Thursday (13 August) said Valencia has joined its growing network of bunkering locations, making LNG available as a marine fuel.

The successful completion of the first LNG bunkering operation in Valencia marked an important milestone for Spain and further strengthened Shell’s LNG supply capabilities across the Mediterranean. 

In a video shared by the company, bunkering vessel Alice Consulich was shown supplying an undisclosed volume of LNG to the container ship MSC Sabrina.

“As one of the region’s key maritime hubs, Valencia expands the options available to shipowners seeking LNG supply along major shipping routes,” Shell said in a social media post. 

Shell said the achievement reflected the strong collaboration across the maritime value chain, including MSC Mediterranean Shipping Company, the Port of Valencia and Fratelli Cosulich Group.

“We look forward to making more LNG bunker deliveries in Valencia and across the Mediterranean as LNG infrastructure and capabilities continue to expand,” the company said. 

 

Photo credit: Shell
Published: 14 August, 2026

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